Nazım Tural

Lawyer. Graduated from the Ankara University Faculty of Law and began doctorate program at Public Law Department in 1980. Worked as assistant at Bolu Faculty...

Lawyer. Graduated from the Ankara University Faculty of Law and began doctorate program at Public Law Department in 1980. Worked as assistant at Bolu Faculty of Econ & Admin Sciences until 1986. In 1991 joined Turkey office of German Friedrich Naumann Foundation and worked for over twenty years. During this period, conducted several educational programs, such as; European System (CoE & EU); historical processes of Western democratization; Enlightenment & human rights; international dimensions of human rights; international adjudication and international crimes; minority rights and identities. In September 2023, completed PhD dissertation on "Constitutional Arrangements in Multicultural Societies." Member of İstanbul Bar Association.

Interim constitutions in transitional justice processes

Interim constitutions in transitional justice processes

Today, transitional justice has moved beyond the exclusive domain of academia, receiving increasing attention from policymakers and civil society.

26 October 2026

Europe questioning its official history

Europe questioning its official history

The national narratives held by dominant cultural groups regarding "others" or minorities are no longer welcomed as legitimate and democratically acceptable political commentary in a multicultural Europe.

A brief history of blacks fighting Apartheid

A brief history of blacks fighting Apartheid

By the 1970s, youth resistance had come to the forefront of the struggle. A student organization known as the "Black Consciousness Movement" was founded by Steve Biko in 1969. Biko wanted Black people to free themselves from perceiving themselves as inferior to whites.

20 September 2026

Spain civil war & International Brigades developments leading to civil war

Spain civil war & International Brigades developments leading to civil war

The developments after 1931 that led to the civil war … show that the conflicts between the two fronts was essentially class struggle involving the Church.

5 September 2026

Spain’s difficulties in facing Franco

Spain’s difficulties in facing Franco

Facing the past is seen today as an ongoing, deeply polarized battle over the historical memory of the Franco dictatorship and the Spanish Civil War, as well as a struggle to recover the dignity and memory of the victims.

Thirty-one years after Srebrenica genocide, victims still await justice

Thirty-one years after Srebrenica genocide, victims still await justice

The 1995 genocide in Srebrenica, alongside the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda, shaped the development of international criminal justice and the global resolve to prevent genocide.

Commemorating Mandela Day

Commemorating Mandela Day

A key feature that made Mandela special was his extraordinary, conciliatory leadership as the country's first Black president during the transition of power from the white supremacist minority to the Black majority. After 27 years in prison, he set aside personal animosity and anger, initiating a reconciliation process.

US presidents, constitution and war powers

US presidents, constitution and war powers

Alongside the inherent difficulty of amending the US Constitution, it is evident that congressional attempts to curb executive power through legislation and resolutions have failed.

A brief look at Europe’s approach to facing the past

A brief look at Europe’s approach to facing the past

In Europe, confronting the past is increasingly being addressed institutionally by all different segments of society.

Syrian minorities are striving for recognition

Syrian minorities are striving for recognition

Syria's new Constitutional Declaration explicitly adopts international human rights law. Although this is theoretically significant for minority rights, the government fails to honor them in practice.

Local authorities are crucial for democratic structuring of the state

Local authorities are crucial for democratic structuring of the state

In Turkey, the fundamental principles regarding local governments, as defined in Article 127 of the Constitution, essentially recognize the "principle of decentralization" and the "administrative oversight authority of the central government." However, the principle of decentralization is not sufficiently clarified.

Relationship between 'national will' and authoritarian regimes

Relationship between 'national will' and authoritarian regimes

Today, the national will, by being accepted as if it were a "sacred" concept that legitimately ignores the conflict of different interests, encompasses and represents the entire society with its differences and has gained a kind of popular recognition.

Lessons from Germany’s process of facing the past

Lessons from Germany’s process of facing the past

Germany’s efforts to confront its past have expanded across political, legal, educational, and cultural domains, reflecting its acknowledgment of the crimes committed during the Nazi era.

‘Facing the past’ to build a future in peace

‘Facing the past’ to build a future in peace

Looking at our country, we see severe traumas and sufferings stemming from its historical experiences and events, where nationalist-racist political preferences maintained a political system that prevented the culture of coexistence of differences.

7 February 2026

Rising racism in football stadiums threatens the peace process

Rising racism in football stadiums threatens the peace process

In a country where racism has developed alongside a nationalist culture over the years, hate speech is often accepted as the normal discourse of daily life. Politics is built on conflict, and "others" are frequently addressed with insults. Therefore, the rise of racist chants in the stands should not be surprising.

31 December 2025

A new chapter for Turkey: multiculturalism and identities

A new chapter for Turkey: multiculturalism and identities

Contrary to popular belief, the concept of the nation state does not mean a state established by a single dominant cultural group; all nation states are multicultural, bringing together different ethnic or religious cultural groups and identities.

6 December 2025

Notes on South Africa reconciliation process

Notes on South Africa reconciliation process

The interim constitution, adopted by Congress on November 18, 1993, was ratified by Parliament on December 22, 1993. The process leading to the expected democratic elections then began.

11 October 2025

Spain, a unitary state with autonomous regions

Spain, a unitary state with autonomous regions

In a country founded on the principle of the unity of the Spanish state, the strong identity differences arising from different ethnic and cultural characteristics and shared historical values are the primary reasons for the adoption of the system of autonomies.

6 September 2025

Legitimacy of system and recognition of identities

Legitimacy of system and recognition of identities

In the course of developing globalization process, the diversification of identities with the weakening of dominant national identities, it is observed that the concept of multiculturalism is gradually replacing the systems based on single culture and identity.