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*RSF members stage a demonstration in front of the ECtHR in May 2017. (Photo: RSF)
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Turkey has ranked 154 out of 180 countries in the Reporters Without Borders' (RSF) 2020 World Press Freedom Index, up from 157th last year.
Censorship of websites and social media in the country "has reached unprecedented levels and the authorities are now trying to bring online video services under control," notes the RSF.
CLICK - Regulation on Internet Broadcasting 'Biggest Step in Turkey's History of Censorship'
"Turkey's military involvement in Libya and in Syria (along the border and in Idlib), and the migrant issue have expanded the range of topics that are subject to censorship and self-censorship and have increased use of the judicial system for political ends," the RSF says.
"After the elimination of dozens of media outlets and the acquisition of Turkey's biggest media group by a pro-government conglomerate, the authorities are tightening their grip on what little is left of pluralism – a handful of media outlets that are being harassed and marginalized."
CLICK - BİA Media Monitoring Reports
"Turkey is the world's biggest jailer of professional journalists. Spending more than a year in prison before trial is the new norm, and long jail sentences are common, in some cases as long as life imprisonment with no possibility of a pardon. Detained journalists and closed media outlets are denied any effective legal recourse."
Norway topped the RSF's index for the fourth year in a row, while Finland was the runner-up. Denmark, up from fifth, was third and Sweden was fourth. On the other end of the index, North Korea took the last position from Turkmenistan, while Eritrea (178th) continued to be Africa's worst-ranked country. (HA/VK)
